One of the most easily accessible renewable energy resources, Palm Oil Residues: POR from palm oil production can be burned in the grate- fired furnace to provide electricity and heat to supply the plant. However, grate-firing is yet to be further developed towards a better technology for POR combustion, particularly higher efficiency, lower emissions and better reliability and availability. To better understand detail knowledge of grate-firing of POR and to establish a mathematical and CFD modeling methodology. This study, mathematical and CFD modeling methods have been employed to simulate the operation of a 37 MW POR burning power plant to obtain detailed information on the flow and combustion characteristics in the furnace and predict the effect of operating conditions. The modelling predicted results are compared with in-flame measurement and flue gas emission in the 37 MW boiler, which shows an acceptable agreement. However, the discrepancies between the simulation results and the measurements are observed. It is mainly because the boundary conditions used in the model could be different from those in the real grate-fired furnace. For instance, the dis-continuous POR feeding, the combustion instabilities inside the packed bed, and the irregular deposit formed on the furnace walls and air nozzles all make it difficult to derive the boundary conditions that the CFD modeling requires. Anyway, the gained knowledge from this case study are summarized and discussed in detail which can facilitate the modeling validation efforts as well as improve grate-fired furnace.

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