The characterization of probiotic isolates was influenced by some prebiotic additives such as mannan and lignin in Japanese quail birds. Interestingly, the probiotic bacteria (Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp.) were observed to increase significantly in the groups of birds given lignin and mannan, as compared with the control group. The isolated bacteria were the most susceptible to ciprofloxacin, followed by vancomycin, and finally tetracycline. The antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria was greater against gram-positive bacteria than gram-negative bacteria. The sequencing of the 16s rRNA gene was done for the identification of the probiotic isolates of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. to identify the species and sub-species: Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, and Lactobacillus acidophilus. The dietary supplementation with lignin and mannan for three weeks also caused a significant increase in serum levels of globulin, total protein, and A/G ratio in the birds. In addition, the concentration of T3 showed an insignificant decrease, while the T4 levels showed an insignificant increase, as compared with the control group. A significant increase in the first and second antibody titer against NDV (Newcastle disease virus) was also observed after dietary supplementation of mannan and lignin.

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