The antifungal activity potentiality effects of the nanomaterial MgO and TiO2 in controlling Fusarium wilt on tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. The antifungal activity of MgO and TiO2 (NPs) were examined in vitro by using different concentration of the nanoparticles and the inhibited growth eight Fusarium isolates were recorded. Subsequently, the hyphae and spore formation were tested using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Accordingly, greenhouse experiments were performed on three tomato cultivars inoculated by the fungus FLO4 isolate and sprayed with the desired concentrations of MgO and TiO2 compared with the control plants. The capability of the NPs in controlling the wilt disease and their prolonged effects on the plant defense response were examined. The results revealed that the two NPs succeeded to reduce the fungal radial growth and the highest reduction of the fungal growth was achieved with the high concentration of the tested NPs. A 99% reduction of fungal radial growth was obtained by MgO NPs (at 200 ppm) while 66% reduction was observed in case of TiO2NPs (at 100 ppm). The resulted in greenhouse experiments showed that MgO NPs was preferred because it decreased Fusarium wilt severity into 13.99 % compared to 51.8% infected control (F) but not treated with NPs and those treated with the chemical fungicide. Consequently, the plant immune response against the fungal infection was raised and this response was reflected through the incensement both of the activity of the defense-related enzymes (PPO and PAL) and the gene expression of PR1 and PR5 genes.

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