Cancer is one of the most important reasons for death worldwide. Cancer illness is increasing at a world-wide scale, signifying that the current cancer treatments need to be revisited to improve their efficacy and the development of less adverse toxicity drugs. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of more effective and less toxic anticancer agents. The role of medicinal plants as a future anticancer medicine was obtained from the literature. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the role of medicinal plants as a future anticancer medicine. Furthermore, we discuss the ancient’s science of medicinal plants from an Ayurveda perspective, recent findings on the anticancer activity of medicinal plants, the role of plants polyphenol or phytochemical as an antioxidant, fingerprint for new drug development, and anticancer agent. It is projected that up to four billion people (representing 80% of the world’s population) living in the third-world countries depend on herbal medicinal remedies as the main source of their health care. No science has been able to develop medicines, better than those prepared by Mother Nature especially medicinal plants. In reality, some of the most active cancer drugs available today were resulting from natural products. There are many miracle drugs in the science of medicine of the ancients which can be utilized for modern-day diseases. The phytochemicals of medicinal plants either as pure compound(s), active fraction or standardized extract are possibly important candidates for the development of novel anticancer therapeutic agents. Hence, it is paramount important to revisit the role of medicinal plants as a future anticancer medicine.

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