Bulk fill resins are translucent and can be light cured at depths up to 5 mm. The degree of conversion (DC) is directly related to the mechanical properties of composite resins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the DC of different types of Bulk Fill composite resins. The resins evaluated were Opus Bulk-Fill Flowable (OBFF), Opus Bulk-Fill Paste (OBFP), Filtek ™ One Bulk-Fill Restorative (FBFR) and Filtek ™ Bulk-Fill Flow Restorative (FBFF). For each group were made 3 discs with 6.0 mm in diameter and 4.0 mm depth. The discs were standardized and photoactivated for 20 seconds at the top and stored at 37ºC for 24h in a controlled light oven. The samples were analyzed by FTIR - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test (p <0.05). The top surface shows a statistical difference between FBFF and OBFF (p = 0.032) and there was no statistical difference between OBFP, OBFF and FBFR. For the base surface, there was no statistical difference between the groups. Bulk Fill resins had similar DC except for FBFF.
This study was to conduct the effects of dietary inulin from Jerusalem artichoke in milk replacer of kid dairy goats. Twenty newborn Saanen kids goats were sorted by parity of their dams and multiple birth (twin or triplet) and assigned to the five groups (There are five dietary treatments as follows: Treatment 1: Goat milk, Treatment 2: 0% inulin in milk replacer, Treatment 3: 0.1% inulin in milk replacer, Treatment 4: 0.2% inulin in milk replacer and Treatment 5: 0.3% inulin in milk replacer) at birth. Each group in 4 replicates. All kids were fed with colostrum for the first 7 days after birth, and then each kid in treatment 3, 4, 5 were supplemented with 0.1 %, 0.2 % and 0.3 inulin on day 8 to 90, respectively. The results showed that faecal score was different (P <0.05) in groups. There were differences in faecal score on days 7 to 56 (P <0.05). Kid goats fed with inulin from Jerusalem artichoke are improved in faecal health. Whereas no difference in faecal score on days 70 to 90 (P >0.05) was detected in groups
Neonatal sepsis is one of the main causes of newborn deaths, being reported as an important public health problem in Brazil due to its high prevalence. Early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is still a challenge. The objective of this study was to correlate hematological and inflammatory marker data with positive conventional PCR using universal primer for bacterial genomic DNA in neonates with suspected late, early or hospital sepsis. In 148 blood samples from 47 neonates hospitalized for suspected neonatal sepsis, blood cultures were performed and I / T ratio, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and universal primer PCR were determined. Most newborns were female (59.6%, n = 28), premature (GI <37 weeks) with very low birth weight <1.500 g (53.2%, n = 25), nutritional status classified as small for gestational age (91.5%, n = 43). Positive blood culture and universal primed PCR results were obtained in 4.7% (n = 7) and 60.8% (n = 90) of suspected sepsis episodes, respectively. 60% (n = 54) of the episodes showed changes in IL 6, procalcitonin was 100% (n = 90), C-reactive protein was 47.8% (n = 43) and I / T ratio was 98. 9% (n = 89), with an association (p = 0.009) between positive blood culture with IL-6 (> 7μg mL-1) and between the negative results of conventional PCR (p = 0.004) and PCR (<5 mg L -1). Universal-primed PCR showed higher sensitivity in bacterial DNA detection compared to blood culture. IL-6 and PCT are potential biomarkers of neonatal infection.
Concomitant systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an uncommon clinical scenario and the precise mechanisms of this phenomenon have remained unclear. Some drugs for IBD may lead to drug-induced lupus (DIL), although the prevalence of this condition is not high and it usually resolves after the discontinuation of the offending drug. This report reviews the English and Japanese literature covering the reported concomitant cases of (idiopathic) SLE and IBD. Thirty-four cases of concomitant idiopathic SLE and IBD (stratified as 19 cases with concomitant Crohn’s disease and 15 cases with concomitant ulcerative colitis) were identified. Among the 34 cases of concomitant idiopathic SLE and IBD, 79.4% (27/34) were female. In total, 61.8% (21/34) of patients were diagnosed with SLE before IBD, 29.4% (10/34) of patients were diagnosed with IBD before SLE, and 8.8% (3/34) received simultaneously diagnoses of IBD and SLE. The first disease was almost never active at the time of diagnosis of the second disease. The outcomes of concomitant cases of SLE and IBD were relatively favorable.
This paper presents a Mixed Integer Non-Linear Programming approach for long-term transmission expansion planning problem in a Locational Marginal Pricing (LMP) based electricity market. The problem formulation consists of maximization of social welfare of market participants (Generation Companies/ Generator Serving Traders and Distribution companies/ Distribution Serving Traders) and minimization of transmission investment cost of Transmission Company, subject to load flows equalities, network congestion inequalities and variable bounds. The modeling of power flow and network congestion constraints has been carried out using DC as well as AC approaches considering a number of seasons of market functioning. The proposed model is tested on Garver’s 6-bus and IEEE 24-bus systems. It has been concluded that the profile of LMPs over the system buses tend to equalize after transmission expansion planning both in DC and AC approaches. However the results obtained for transmission expansion planning of AC approach largely differ from that of the DC approach. The DC modeling is based on network approximations, which does not lead to accurate results. Hence, it has also been concluded that the AC modeling for transmission expansion planning is able to ensure a fair and nondiscriminatory electricity market planning and operation.
Purpose: \nTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety and long term benefit in treatment with autologous platelet-rich plasma(PRP) in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint and evaluation of analgesia intake.\nMethods: \nThe authors performed a retrospective study included 98 revaluated adult patients with osteoarthritis of the knee joint (128 knees), which were treated by multiple intra articular IA PRP from 2009-2012. The clinical outcome was measured after 6-9 years using the WOMAC, PGIC and NRS. On examination, the authors evaluated the pain killer usage.\nResults: \nAll 128 knees were treated with multiple IA injections and followed up for 6-9 years. The average index value For NSR and WOMAC before and after application of PRP was significant during improvement time. The PGIC values measured after the PRP application was significant over 81% in more than one year. The usage of oral analgesia was regular in (7%), and without analgesics in up to 70% \nConclusions: \nAutologous PRP as an effective, simple, relatively low cost, minimally invasive and safe method in treatment of early stages of knee osteoarthritis in long term. No patient had transmission of infectious diseases or allergic reactions after PRP treatment. Intra-articular injections of PRP significantly decreases pain and restore function.
The present study aims to evaluate the electromyographic activity of the masseter muscle in patients diagnosed with bruxism using botulinum toxin type A. Thirty female patients, 18 to 40 years-old, with a history of bruxism were randomized into two groups: a Control group (n = 15) that received saline, and a botulinum toxin A (BXT-A) group (n = 15) (Botox�, Allergan Pharmaceuticals LTDA), the solutions were applied to the masseter muscle. The patients were evaluated at Baseline and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 days. At this time, the research subjects were submitted to electromyographic evaluation (EMG System of Brazil 830 C - EMG System of Brazil LTDA, S�o Jos� dos Campos, SP, Brazil). Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (p <0.05). The EGM in the BTX-A Group showed significantly lower values than the Control Group 30, 60 and 90 days after application. In the BTX-A group of the left and right masseter muscle, a positive correlation was observed between time and electromyographic activity (Coef: 0.322; P = 0 <0.001) and (Coef: 0.431; P <0.001). The use of botulinum toxin type A in patients with bruxism leads to reduced muscle activity in the first ninety days after application.
Automated Vehicles (AVs) have drawn significant attenti\non recently. The purpose of\nthis study is to evaluate the impact of AVs on freeway traffic performance using\nVISSIM software to model and evaluate the traffic performance at different mode\nshare scenarios and demand to capacity ratios. The results showed t hat increasing\nAVs improves freeway traffic performance. The maximum improvement was\nachieved at 100% AVs and demand to capacity ratio of 1.2. In this case, the increase\nin speed is about 115%, the reduction in the average travel time is about 48%, and the\naverage delay is lower by about 87%. The minimum effect is achieved at 0.6 demand\nto capacity ratio at 5% AVs. In addition , t test and regression analyses were utilized to\ndetermine the relationship between the AVs mode share and the freeway performance\nm easures and to check if the differences between traffic performance measures are\nstatistically significant.\nKeywords:\nAutomated Vehicles, Regular Vehicles, average speed, travel time, delay,\ndemand to capacity ratio.
Abstract \nThe present study has been designed to reveal phenolic diversity, identify some major flavonoid molecule, detect and explain biologic property of Nerium oleander leaves. First, the plant material as well as extraction method were improved, then the global extract sudden to a specifics solvent. Second, we have affront these obtained phases on divers phenolic molecule classes with analytical chromatography in presence of appropriate reagent and spectralanalysis. At last, we have isolated five compounds: Kaemphferol, Quercetin, Luteolin, Apigenin and Quercetin3OR.\nKey words: chromatography, flavonoid, Nerium oleander, phenols, spectral.
This study essentially aims to provide empirical evidences on the relationship between brand attachment and behavioral intention in the context of national carrier’s service failure. In this study, behavioral intention refers to the intention to fly again with the airline in the future (loyalty) as well as to recommend the airline to others (referral). Underpinned by the Theory of Causal Attribution, it is also the aim of this study to verify whether causal attributions of the failure (representing by the constructs of stability and controllability) play a moderating roles between airline’s brand attachment and behavioral intention. This study involving 419 national carrier’s passengers who had experienced some forms of service failures employed questionnaire survey as the main method of data collection and Smart PLS to analyze the data. The respondents must be the citizens of the country from where the national carrier is originated from. As anticipated, the results revealed that there is a strong positive relationship between brand attachment and behavioral intentions and both stability as well as controllability moderate (weakened) the main relationship.
A statistical analysis is carried out for the characterization of water quality in seven sampling points of beaches of the Colombian Caribbean tourist sector, the monitoring was developed during the months of February, March, April and September 2016, the parameters analyzed in detail were nitrites, nitrates, phosphates, fecal coliforms and total coliforms. descriptive statistics, correlation analysis were determined, an ACP was carried out to complement the relationship between the variables and the characteristics of the beaches with respect to them, a cluster analysis and the Kruskal Wallis test. The results show high dispersion in the variables; as well as important associations between the variables nitrites and nitrates, as well as for fecal coliforms and total coloforms. The descriptive statistics show high variations of the variables in the different beaches and different months, having coefficients of variation higher than 30%. The Kruskal-Wallis test indicates that there is a significant difference of 10% between the medians of the months considered, with respect to the nitrite and faecal coliforms variables; being in the months of March and April where the highest values and the highest dispersions in the contents are presented.
