The algebraic and direct integration techniques are used to find the desired symmetry in the above mentioned space-times. For this purpose, we apply the Lie derivative on the metric of the space times to get the proper homothetic equation. When we express this equation explicitly by using the metric components of the given space-times, some cases are obtained in which the quoted symmetry exists having maximum dimension 5 and minimum is 3.
This paper presents a proposition of an approach for Complexity Engineering, considering the framework proposed by Edgar Morin for complex thinking. The main foundations of this approach are open systems designing, emergence, ran-domness inclusion and Gödel incompleteness, which are contextualized by using real constructive problems.
Background. The study of regional peculiarities of health formation in children living in a certain area is of practical importance for the health care. One of such minority ethnic group is Tofalars, living in the highlands. Objectives. Clinical and biochemical examination of children and adolescents, representatives of small ethnic group - Tofalars and Russians permanently residing in the territory of Tofalariya (Irkutsk region) performed. \nMethods. Tofalariya 228 children and adolescents (122 Tofalars and 106 Russians) from 2 to 17 years old carried out a thorough medical examination. Biochemical parameters analysis performed in 73 healthy children and adolescents Tofalars. Spectrophotometric, fluorometric, statistic methods were applied. For categoric variables characteristics groups were compared using the chi square and Fisher\'s exact tests, whilst the U Mann–Whitney test was used for numeric variables. \nResults. \n\nTofalars children and adolescents had significantly high incidence of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases (χ2=4.375; p=0.036), as well as diseases of the endocrine system, nutritional and metabolic syndrome (χ2=4.414; p=0.036) comparing to Russians. Diseases of the genitourinary system were less common in Tofalar than in Russians (χ2=4.873; p=0.027). In Tofalars adolescent girls compared to Russians showed significant differences in the level of total cholesterol (1.3 times lower; p<0.0001), the primary lipid peroxidation products - CDs (1.5 times higher; p<0.001), the content of fat-soluble vitamins α-tocopherol (1.28 times higher; p=0.023) and retinol (1.34 times higher; p=0.042). Reduced level of cortisol (1.93 times lower; p <0.0001) and elevated levels of TSH (1.64 times higher; p<0.0001) in Tofalar female adolescents compared with Russians one registered. In Tofalars adolescent boys lower levels of total cholesterol (1.1 times; p=0.037), increased levels of α-tocopherol (in 1.67 times higher; p<0.001) and retinol (1.54 times higher; p<0.001) revealed compared to Russians boys. In addition, in this boys group elevated levels of cortisol (1.34-fold; p=0.047) registered. \nConclusion. Data obtained lead to suggestion to provide more intensive monitoring of the health status of Tofalariya adolescents with profound attention to the ethnic factor and thus recommend regional authorities to elaborate ethnic-specific measures for disease prevention in this unique area.
ABSTRACT\nAim: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the association of cardiac arrest with the abnormal yawning developed in patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction.\nMethods:This prospective study included 125 consecutive patients diagnosed with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction between July 2014 and February 2016 who were admitted to the catheter laboratory by the same cardiologist and the patients were divided into two groups with and without abnormal yawning.\nResults :Considering the whole cohort, mean age of patients was 60±12years (79% male, 21% female). Abnormal yawning was observed in 20 (16%) patients. The development of cardiac arrest was statistically significantly higher in patients with abnormal yawning than in patients without yawning (16 (80%) vs 9 (9%), p< 0.001) In multible logistic regression model with forward stepwise method, abnormal yawning (OR: 154.86, p<0.001, B: 5.043) remained independently associated with an increased risk of cardiac arrest after adjustment for variables found to be statistically significant in univariate analysis and associate with abnormal yawning. In the ROC curve analysis, it has been shown that abnormal yawning predicting cardiac arrest with 96% specificity and 64% sensitivity\n Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrated abnormal yawning, which arises independent of the environment and emotional conditions during primer percutaneous coronary intervention may be a cardiac arrest predictor in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction patients. \n\nKeywords:ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, abnormal yawning, cardiac arrest
This paper presents a novel photo-electro-thermal (PET) model that completely describes the photonic, electrical, and thermal interaction for commercial photovoltaic (PV) modules. With the PET model, PV cell temperature can be directly obtained by an analytical solution and further combined with PV electricity model. Simply based on both thermal and electrical characteristics of commercial PV modules available from the manufacturer datasheet, the integrated PV electricity and PET model for commercial PV modules is implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Both cell temperatures and electrical characteristics of a commercially available PV module are evaluated through in-the-field experiments where not only weather conditions but PV operating parameters can be acquired by a LabVIEW-based measurement system. Comparing to the experimental results, the combined PV electricity and PET model is validated and the results reveal a close agreement between simulation and measurement. This work features the analytical solution of the PET model considers the time-lagged effect on PV cell temperature by PV thermal mass without complex computation of a first-order differential equation for the thermodynamics method.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the toxic effects of Malathion and Cypermethrin on hormonal indices including thyroid and sex hormones. Method: Nine male rabbits (Oryctologus cuniculus) were intoxicated through oral intoxication of Malathion and Cypermethrin at a dose of 75mg/kg body weight for consecutive seven days. Rabbits were grouped into three groups A, B and C comprised of three animals each. Group A was considered as the control, Group B was the Malathion fed group while C was the Cypermethrin intoxicated group. Both insecticides were fed through 1cc syringe. Blood samples were collected and preserved in a refrigerator for further analysis. Results: demonstrated the toxic influences of both insecticides. Malathion produced an increase of 8.08% in LH and 17.13% in FSH, a decrease of 8.03% in estrogen, 45.59% in progesterone, 32.34% in T3, 2.06% in T4 and 31.72% in testosterone. Cypermethrin caused an increase of 12.72% in LH and 51.82% in FSH, a decrease of 13.39% in estrogen, 7.86% in progesterone, 39.65% in T3, 5.02% in T4 and 39.44% in testosterone.Conclusion: This study reveals that both the insecticide is toxic by causing alterations in the hormonal indices and caused reproductive as well as thyroid abnormalities.
To evaluate the effect of the fungus micorrizico Rhizophagus intraradices on the initial growth of Sorghum bicolor (Moench,1794) hybrid HIMECA 500 was subjected to water stress simulated by tests under controlled conditions in pots of 5 kg capacity with sandy loam soil. The design was randomized with 5 repetitions. Non-destructive variables were evaluated (plant height, leaf area length) with factorial arrangement of treatments 2x3, and application of the fungus factor micorrizico (with and without implementation), and the factor of irrigation (100, 70 and 40% of total consumption), we generated 6 treatments: T1 mycorrhized plants 100%, T2 mycorrhized plants 70%, T3 mycorrhized plants 40%, T4 plants without 100% Mycorrhization, T5 plants without 70% mycorrhization and T6 plants without 40% mycorrhization , performing analysis of repeated measures in time with 7 Assessments (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 days). Destructive variables evaluated were leaf area and dry mass, with a 22x3 factorial including the factor evaluation (28 and 49 days). The results showed significant differences in mycorrhized plants and higher values for each variable studied. The cultivation of sorghum showed a significant response to the inoculation with R. intraradices, considering as a biotechnology element that increases productivity in drought conditions.
This paper aims at Chinese traditional cultural heritage, Chinese operas, and makes an attempt to find the attractiveness of the Chinese local operas. Unlike the previous research on cultural heritage, this paper reviews Chinese local operas from the perspective of audience rather than some academic ones. Moreover, the attractiveness of the Chinese local operas is termed as “beauty” instead of “aesthetics”. The resulting beauties will further benefit the study of what audiences concern.
Two Napiergrass genotypes, a semi-dwarf late-heading, DL, and a true dwarf (Taiwan Line 7734), were examined for grazing potential on foggage pasture in winter and for rotational grazing on fresh grass pasture in summer by Japanese-Black (JB) breeding beef cows in southern Kyushu, Japan. In one-day intermittent grazing on foggage pasture from December to March, 2017, grazing time on Napiergrass increased up to late February, and pasture height and herbage mass decreased consistently with grazing. In the rotational grazing by three JB breeding beef cows during pregnancy over two cycles from mid-July to early September 2017, pre- and post-grazing plant height was higher for DL than 7734. Herbage mass was roughly comparable between the two genotypes in the first cycle, while it decreased considerably for 7734 in the second cycle. However, the herbage consumption tended to be similar between genotypes, and moreover, dry matter intake (DMI) tended to be higher for 7734 than for DL in the first cycle. Live-weight (LW) gain increased with grazing, averaging 0.79 kg/head/day with 19.42 g DM/kg LW/day of DMI. Therefore, the LW of breeding beef cows was at least maintained under rotational grazing without additional feed supply for 56 days in summer.
Vision is a complex process in the teleost fishes inhabiting different habitats especially those of both nocturnal and diurnal living. In the present study, four species of fresh water teleost were collected from the River Nile at Dakahlea Governorate, Egypt. These are, three nocturnal species including Clarias greipinus (Clariidae), Malopterus electricus (Malapteruridae) and Anguilla anguilla (Anguillidae) and one diurnal fish Orechromus niloticus. The ocular regions of fishes were dissected separating lens, cornea and retina for histological, morphometric, scanning and transmission electron microscopy investigations. Morphologically, the gross structure of the ocular region varied between the species. The lens exhibited organized lens fibers with characteristic ball and socket structure densely grouped in Clarias gariepinus and Orechromis niloticus compared to less compacted fibers in Anguilla anguilla and become widened at both peripheral lens angles in Malopterus electricus. The cornea was pigmented in the Anguilla anguilla and clear in the other examined fishes. The retinal thickness and visual acuity were markedly increased in the nocturnal fish compared to the diurnal species. There was an increase in the pigmented epithelium and photoreceptors of the nocturnal fish such as C. gareipinus and M. electricus however this was less dense in both A. anguilla and O. niloticus. Also, the photoreceptors of the nocturnal fishes were composed mainly of rods and few single and double cones. The neural circuit of retinal cells showed comparatively increased distribution of amacrine and Muller cells in between the ganglion and inner nuclear cells in both the C. gareipinus and M. electricus. These data suggest that nocturnal fishes C.garepipinus, M.electricus and A. anguilla and the diurnal fish O. niloticus exhibited differences in corneal, lenticular and retinal structures accommodated to their survival.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity, accounting for approximately 15,000 new cases and 5,000/year in Brazil. Despite advances in treatment, survival rates have remained unchanged since the 1980s at approximately 50%. The aim of the present study was to establish the survival rate of patients diagnosed with OSCC and treated in Varginha, MG, Brazil. Medical records from the Bom Pastor Hospital were surveyed for data regarding age, gender, site and size of the tumor, tobacco and alcohol consumption, treatment, metastasis, recurrence, tumor differentiation, survival and death. Patients below the age of 60 years (58%) and males (81.3%) were the majority, most of whom were smokers (79.3%) and consumed alcoholic beverages (66.3%). The most commonly affected site was the tongue (43.5%). The most common treatment reported was a combination of surgical excision, radiotherapy and chemotherapy (44.6%). Advanced tumors (T3 and T4) were most prevalent (55.4%) and the commonest histological pattern was moderately differentiated SCC (56.5%). Five-year survival was calculated at 10.1% and age was the only reliable prognostic factor regarding survival (p = 0.009), with younger patients (<60 years) having poorer survival rates (10.7%).
Onion juice (5.0%); garlic juice (5.0%); nisin (500 IU/ml or 1 mg/mL) prevented growth of Listeria monocytogenes FLB6 (FLB6) within 96 h; 48 h; 24 h respectively and declined >90% (P<0.05); 100%; 100% of cell population of Listeria ivanovii FLB12 (FLB12) within 48-96 h respectively in BH broth. Nisin (500 IUmL-1) prevented listerias growth in minced meat within 48 h. Limited amount of nisin (250 IUmL-1) in combination with 3% garlic juice (NG) displayed a stronger antilisterial effect than that obtained from nisin alone. However, the antilisterial effect of nisin (250 IUmL-1) and onion juice 3% (NO) in vitro and in minced meat was lower than that obtained by nisin alone (500 IUmL-1). The syngergistic effect of more limited nisin concentration (125 IUmL-1) plus 3% garlic juice plus 3% onion juice (NGO) showed almost antilisterial effect in vitro and in minced meat comparable to that obtained from nisin alone (500 IUmL-1) or NG. NGO will be promising in food industry as food biopreservative.
The aim of this study was to analyze the content of free sugars (glucose, fructose, galactose, sucrose, maltose, lactose) in 30 foods and investigated the correlation with the viability of Streptococcus mutans. 30 test samples were prepared by the modified version of official methods of analysis of American Association of Cereal Chemist and contents of free sugar were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. 10 ml of the test sample solution was added to 1 ml of artificial saliva after inoculation of 1% S. mutans and it was incubated at 37°C for 5 hours. Correlation between total viable cells of S. mutans and the distribution of free sugars were analyzed by Fisher transformation test. Sucrose and lactose showed positive and negative correlation between total viable cells of S. mutans and content of free sugars (p < 0.001). Maltose and glucose showed a positive correlation. Fructose and galactose showed no correlation. The results indicate that regarding micro-viability, the cariogenic potential of free sugar may differ from the composition of foods and the presence of other free sugars. This study may have to investigate the cariogenic potential of free sugars and also can be implemented to public health intervention.
Abstract Berkine basin is located in the north - eastern part of the Saharan platform of Algeria and extending on an estimated surface of 102 395 km2. Due to the thick sedimentary cover which is over than 6000 m and the intensive structuration of the Berkine basin, that had carry these sediments to hundreds of meters deep; consequently, the source rocks were buried. The study area\'s problem is the maturation of organic matter of source rocks potential levels (the radioactive Silurian and clayey Frasnian), their distribution, origin, expulsion, migration and the origin of detected hydrocarbons in this region. Vertical stratigraphic levels of organic matter show that radioactive Silurian and Frasnian are both more potential source rocks in the Berkine basin. Using the databases of pyrolysis and microscopic observations, we could determine the type of organic matter which is marine for radioactive Silurian and mixed with marine trend for the Frasnian. The geothermal paleogradient is globally important especially in the South of the region, this is explained by the burial history of this region which is situated in the eastern limb of the basin in one hand and the effects of the Hercynian erosion in the other hand. All these factors gave the organic matter a maturation stage, sometimes very advanced (the gas phase genesis). The advanced stage of maturation has affected the southern part of the region, while the north part of the basin is characterized by the generation of oil. In addition, all of these criteria (maturation and type of kerogen), predict a possible discoveries of hydrocarbons accumulations, mainly liquid to the North, and gas towards the center of the basin. Geothermal evolution shows for all surveys that the generation and the expulsion of hydrocarbons for the RF-1 and YAC-1 wells is performed during the Mesozoic age, while for the RM-2 and - DES 4 effected during the Paleozoic. \nHydrocarbons expelled since 330Ma (Paleozoic) where eventually accumulated in traps that formed before the Hercynian unconformity (Cambrian, Ordovician, clayey sandstones Silurian Devonian and Carboniferous), where as the hydrocarbons expelled during the Mesozoic, accumulate in traps formed after the Hercynian orogenesis (TAGI, TAGS, TAC). \nKeywords: Radioactive Silurian. Frasnian. source rocks. characterization. maturation. Berkine basin. Algerian platform
