This paper presents Markov models for analyzing the availability, reliability and mean system time to failure of a repairable k-out-of-n:G system with three types of failure rates [hardware, critical human errors , common-cause] and with time dependent system repair rate. The Markov analysis method is used to develop generalized expressions for system state probabilities. This paper includes a numerical example to illustrate the model.
Due to the types of data designate which clustering techniques will be used, illustration of multi-dimensional data is of great importance in this sense. Therefore, in this paper, the high-dimensional representation of protein sequences has been reduced to the two-dimensional data points by using the nonlinear mapping algorithm, the so-called Sammon mapping. The clustering scheme of the reduced and unreduced apoptosis protein sequences is examined by fuzzy c-means algorithm. In conclusion, the reduced apoptosis protein sequences likely form a scattered structure and the clusters are well-separated much more than the unreduced protein sequences. Furthermore, the execution time of the whole algorithmic process is strictly minimized. Therefore, Sammon mapping can be a preferable dimension reduction technique on high-dimensional protein sequences and the other problems in bioinformatics.\nKeywords: Bioinformatics, fuzzy c-means clustering, protein sequences, pseudo amino acid composition, Sammon mapping.
Specific primers for three molecular markers associated with powdery mildew resistance QTL (CS25997, CS25333, STS-AA6) were used to test the presence of this QTL in six grape cultivars planted in Taif region. PCR using the genomic DNA and CS25997 primers amplified a DNA fragment of 997 bp in Taif White, Syrian Red, Taif Large Grain. In contrast the 997 bp fragment was not detected in Egypt Thompson, Italian Black Hybrid, Syrian Crimson red. On the other hand, markers CS25333 and STS-AA6 gave monomorphic bands in the six cultivars. Digestion of the 997 bp fragments with RsaI, TaqI produced the expected products; 450 and 350, 700 and 150 bp respectively. This indicates that the three positive cultivars for the 997 bp fragment have the marker associated with powdery mildew QTL resistance, whereas the three negative cultivars do not have this marker. Alignment of the sequences of the 997 bp fragment of the positive cultivars showed high similarity, but there were various numbers of SNPs and indel mutations. The results of this project are expected to contribute in using the resistant cultivars in grape breeding for Powdery mildew resistance and starting a database about Saudi grape resistant to powdery mildew.
Recently a novel cycle named organic flash cycle (OFC) has been proposed for power generation from finite thermal energy reservoirs. This study carries out thermodynamic performance analysis for OFC using a two-phase expander instead of throttle valve to convert low grade heat source to useful work. Six working fluids of butane, R245fa, R123, isopentane, n-pentane, and p-xylene are examined. Effects of flash and heating temperatures on the thermodynamic system performance were theoretically investigated. Results showed that the net power production of the system has a peak value with respect to the flash temperature and monotonically increases with the heating temperature.
In this article batyrs’ institution in Kazakh culture is considered as “phenomenon of Kazakh culture”. In 18th century and in the beginning of 19th centuries batyrs played in society significant political economic role. It has been analyzed the place of batyrs in society, their specific ideology as special social group, their stile of life based on their social obligations, tradition of military, social rules and ethics to regulate their relation with other social groups and other “estate” features. Their phenomenology includes in their contribution to unity of people, ability to organize people against enemies, oratory skills used for the future of state, unifying people in groups by mindik (thousands) and tumenbasy (ten thousands), in ability to encourage military and to give them self-confidence.
Inductor finds applications in all analog circuits. But the use of inductors at low frequencies is very much limited because of its large size as it contains number of turns and hence bulky. It has also its basic limitation that it cannot be fabricated in ICs, so it is not compatible with latest IC technology. Also normally the inductors are lossy due to resistance and this decreases the quality factor. In this paper a new method of simulating L is presented. This makes use of negative resistance to simulate the ideal L and hence offers high Q. The applications of this simulated L in analog filters and the frequency response of those filters are presented. The simulation is done in PSPICE.
Importance of due accounting for human factor while development of process safety methods has been proved by numerous contingencies that escalated to emergencies due to human errors. Therefore issues of timely and correct response to contingencies aimed to reduce their escalation risks at oil and gas facilities are important and topical. An essential part of contingency response reliability is the speed of response and correctness of managerial decisions. \nAccording to the accident development statistics, most of them escalated due to “human factor.” \nTo assess risks, it is required to assess the man-machine system (MMS) reliability in emergency conditions. However, standard MMS reliability formulae do not account for unlimited time of making emergency containment decisions. This paper discusses the formula that would not only account for standard time of decision making but its psychophysiological aspects. \nThe paper substantiates the developed formula in terms of risk assessment for an emergency at a railroad overpass of the oil products unloading system and relevancy of continuing experiments for further study of dependencies revealed while processing of preliminary data.
Application of Artificial neural network (ANN) in the area of power system and power electronics are emerging at faster rate. The ANN is considered as a novel tool for designing control circuit in power quality conditioning system. Two different neural network based control strategies are proposed to compensate power quality issues in three phase four wire (3P4W) distribution system through Unified Power Quality conditioner (UPQC) for various balanced/Unbalanced loads and balanced/unbalanced/distorted source conditions. Neural network based p-q theory is proposed to compensate power quality issues related to current i.e., for shunt Active power filter (APF) and Neural network based synchronous reference frame theory (SRF) control strategy is proposed to compensate power quality issues related to voltage i.e., for series APF. The ANN controller is designed to replace the Low pass filters and Proportional-integral controllers of the conventional control strategy in UPQC.ANN controllers are also implemented to maintain voltage across the capacitor under all varying conditions of source and load and as a compensator to compensate neutral current under unbalanced linear and Non-linear load conditions. The proposed ANN controller is trained offline extracting data from the conventional controller. The Proposed control strategy mitigates harmonic/reactive currents and voltage harmonics, ensures balanced and sinusoidal source current from the supply mains that are nearly in phase with the supply voltage in spite of unbalance in the three phase load currents and source voltage conditions, in 3P4W distribution systems. The performance of the UPQC with proposed ANN controller is validated and investigated under unbalanced, linear/nonlinear loads for all possible conditions of the source like balanced, unbalanced, balanced/distorted and unbalanced/distorted through simulations using MATLAB software. The simulation results prove the efficacy of the proposed neural network based control strategy under varying source and load conditions.
Most of the concepts and results of differentiable Riemannian Banach manifolds of infinite dimensional where achieved in the last thirty years [1-7]. For example, the necessary and sufficient condition for a Riemannian Banach manifold to be a locally plane space was established in [4]. In this work, we proved that a Riemannian Banach manifold of constant Gaussian curvature is a locally plane space.
This study investigates the thread surface characteristics of flank lock type precision locknut in dynamic states. The test was performed by a horizontal realistic dynamic percussion vibration test machine. The purpose is to simulate the loosening states of the assembly of locknuts in a ball screw or a precision machine tool spindle, while subjected to dynamic conditions in the case. With surface measuring system for morphology and roughness to measure the surface roughness, the characteristics of threads, namely the thread angle and the thread pitch of the locknut changes over time, can be examined. The results showed the greatest change of the threads after the test occurred on the first or last thread. This study establishes a complete morphology of thread surface characteristics of flank lock type precision locknut in dynamic states to understand the wear properties of threaded fasteners.
The problem of transient response of a spiral fin, with its end insulated, is analyzed with the base end subjected to a variation of fluid temperature. The method of Laplace transforms and with a technique derived by the Keller and Keller, of which has an exponential like form, is applied to study the transient response. Both of a unit step change and a sinusoidal temperature change are analyzed. Moreover, the results of the temperature distribution and the heat flux at the base of the fin are obtained. Solutions are developed for both small and large values of time. Typical results are presented in both tables and graphs. Comparisons are made and the results show a good agreement in the physical circumstance.
There is a wide need for early detection methods of lung cancer. Sputum cytology examination can lead to detection of abnormal changes in lung at an earlier stages. This is the first cytopathological study for detection of cytopathological changes among, active and passive smokers in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. \nThis study aimed to detect cytopathological changes using sputum cytology method among smokers in Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Taif University. \nSputum cytology screening was performed for 175 participant according to the sputum pooling method, and it was prepared for detection of abnormal cells using Papanicolaou stain. The mean age of study subjects was 23.8 years. The cytopathological findings were as follows: 17 (9.7%) mild dyskerosis, six (3.4 %), three (1.7) moderate and severe dyskerosis respectively, and four (2.3%) presented with metaplastic changes. There was significant associations between smoking duration and passive smoking, and abnormal cytopathological changes. Individuals exposed to passive smoking have a high risks of abnormal cytopathological changes detectable through sputum cytology. The initiation of screening program for early detection of lung precancerous changes using sputum cytology is recommended. Further studies are need with large sample size.\nKey words- Taif, KSA, Sputum cytopathology ,Smoking
The aim of the research is to establish the need for predicting the behaviour of fluid pressure and temperature in the tires taking into consideration the experimental data obtained from TPMS (Tire-pressure monitoring system). The researchers set the regression lines assuming the fluids model of behaviour from the empirical data. The results obtained showed that the need for predicting the behaviour exists since the number of measurements is reduced and it is easier to estimate the model error. Since the TPMS installation is a technical and economic justification, the equations obtained are a great help in making the right choice of TPMS. Two tests are done during research: the first on the car with a purpose to collect the data for setting the mathematical model and the second test was used to determine whether the TPMS installation on the new city buses would be a technical and economic justification. The test results indicate that this investment would return in the second year of its operation and that its installation would enhance the safety and comfort of public transportation.
In the last few years, intelligent software applications are increased in complexity and in stakeholders\' expectations, principally due to new internet-centric application areas with better performance. The modeled development process in this paper involves simulated processes of evolution, learning and self-organization. University portal provides a single point of access to university-based resources which are authorized to use. The research explores and adaptive portal website link-structure considering the website as interconnecting cells in cellular automata model browsed from the root domain. the potential of Rough Set Theory guides the factor adaptation and evaluated and Emergent computation adequately extracts the main website profiles in terms of their internal structure.
(Tantawy et al, 2014) introduced and studied the notion of generalized\nfuzzy closed sets of (Fukutake, 1986) in smooth bitopological spaces\n(X; 1; 2), in the sense of (ostak, 1985).\nIn this paper we introduce the notion of generalized fuzzy closed sets\nin smooth supra topological space (X; 12) which induced from smooth\nbitopological space (X; 1; 2) (Abbas, 2002). We show the present notion\nof generalized fuzzy closed set and the notion in (Tantawy et al,\n2014) are independent. After that, we introduces two types of generalized\nsupra fuzzy closure operators by using two dierent approaches. In\nthe rst approach, we introduce a generalized supra fuzzy closure operator\nGC12 on X with respect to the constructed smooth supra topology\n12. In the second approach, we have used the generalized fuzzy closure\noperators GC1 and GC2 to provide the second type of generalized\nsupra fuzzy closure operator which denoted by\nGC12 = GC1 ^ GC2 :\nSome properties of these operators have obtained and the main result is\nGC12 = GC12. Finally, we introduce and study dierent types of fuzzy\ncontinuity, which are related to the constructed closure operator and\ntheir induced topologies.
Seismicity account in geomechanical design is proposed in paper. Seismic impact results in additional stresses those must be accounted for underground mining stability. It is assumed to use additional “seismic coefficient” for pillar design and other calculations. Seismic coefficient depends on geotechnical properties of developing rock and seismicity of the site according to seismic zoning results.
Background Palliative care (PC) is a newly established subspecialty in Saudi Arabia although, there has been rapid progress in development of the specialty and huge demand for the service, there is a lack of knowledge about how much physicians know about this area of practice. Aim: To measure knowledge, attitudes and practices about Palliative Care within a group of hospital physician. Design and setting: A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia from Feb.2013 to March 2013. Subjects and Methods : The survey was via a questionnaire in four parts: demographic characteristics, palliative care Knowledge (24 items), palliative care Attitude (15 items) and palliative care practice (9 items). Results: The response rate was 134 out of 150 (89.3%). Half of the physicians have had their post-graduate career in Saudi Arabia (54.5%) and the overwhelming majority of the respondents were male (64.9%) versus 35.1% female. Only 40.3% of the respondents had had previous formal postgraduate teaching in PC. In regard to knowledge, correct answer rates averaged 41.2% (highest 74.6%, lowest 14.9%). The lowest knowledge rates were for items exploring best opioid in the setting of renal impairment, and for the conversion doses between opioids. Knowledge was significantly associated with the country of postgraduate education (p=0.007) and with current exposure to terminally patients (p=0.003), but not with postgraduate training in PC (p=0.576). In regard to Attitudes the percentage of correct answers ranged from 26.1% to 91% with an average correct answer rate of 69.2%. There was statistical significance between the age group: attitude scores improved as physicians became older (p=0.000).In regard to practice, the average correct score among participants was 83.7%. There was statistical significance between the age groups of participants: older physicians scored better for practice items (p=0.015) and a statistical significance showing better scores too among participants with more years of experience (p=0.032).\nCONCLUSION: There were certain deficiencies of knowledge, attitudes and practice amongst this group of physicians, with some evidence of improvement with age, country of postgraduate education or exposure to terminally ill patients. Our findings pose a challenge for postgraduate education to improve these deficiencies.
PURPOSE \nThe aim of the study was to evaluate effects of surgery and chemotherapy (ACT) on overall survival (OS), disease free interval (DFI) regardless of gender, stage of the disease and histopatology (HP) in patients with gastric cancer (GC).\nMETHODS\nEighty eight patients with gastric cancer were enrolled in the study. Inclusion criteria were pathologically confirmed GC and curative resection (D2 total gastrectomy and R0) in patients in II and III stage of GC. Exclusion criteria were other malignancy, incomplete medical history and other cause of death during follow-up.\nRESULTS\nThere was no significant difference in OS and in DFI ( p > 0,05) regarding gender . \nThere was also no significant difference in OS and in DFI (Log rank = 1,130, p > 0,05) regarding HP finding.\nThere was no significant difference in OS and DFI between earlier stage (II, IIIa) and local advanced stage (IIIb, IV) regardless on ACT treatment. \nCONCLUSIONS\nThe chemotherapy does not significantly affects OS neither it prolongs DFI, regardless of gender, HP or the disease stage in patients with GE. These findings impose the need for use more potent agents or combined therapy in patients with GE.
Black poplar Populus nigra, is, forestry specie of high economical and surrounding interest. Usually constituted with only one cultivar is liable to bio-attackers, the more important being Chaitophorus leucomelas, which is considered as the most detrimental. In order to identify its severity and in the mind to preserve for a long time fundamental equilibrium of agro-ecosystems, it is necessary to perfect alternatives solutions leaning on role of phytofortifying as natural elicitors in natural defences stimulation of plants. Study is performed in mountainous zone at level of young artificial poplar grove in region of Boumedefaa (wilaya of Ain Defla) Study’s aim is being about on compared effect of formulated phytofortifying notably a juice of formulated lombricompost a seaweeds extract and a formulated deficiency corrector with trace elements. Density of different biological forms of Chaitophorus leucomelas has been estimated in relation with expansion of foliar surface of Populus nigra Results of this study showed that experimented phytofortifying have got contrasted effect on expansion of foliar surfaces and on densities of Chaitophorus leucomelas Best efficiency on Chaitophorus leucomelas’ densities is mentioned for formulated lombricompost juice and formulated deficiency corrector followed by seaweeds extract. Results let appear that treatment efficiency on foliar expansion is certain with best effect for formulated deficiency corrector and seaweeds extract compared to formulated lombricompost juice.
The objective of this study was to determine which chemical treatment used for disinfecting water in indoor swimming pools had the least impact on users´ perceptions of health problems, and which generated the greatest satisfaction with the quality of the water. A survey on satisfaction and perceived health problems was given to 1001 users at 20 indoor swimming pools which used different water treatment methods (chlorine, bromine, ozone, ultraviolet lamps (UV), salt electrolysis). The findings suggest that there is a greater probability of perceived health problems, such as eye and skin irritation, respiratory problems, and skin dryness, in swimming pools treated with chlorine than in swimming pools using other chemical treatment methods. Pools treated with bromine have similar, although slightly better, results. Other factors, such as age, gender, time spent in the water, and pool opening hours, can also affect the probability of suffering health problems. For all of the above, using combined treatment methods of ozone, UV, or salt chlorination is recommended in order to prevent health problems.
The aim of this study is identify the most important parameters for design and management of artificial turf football fields by sport managers and architects. Two semi-structured interviews were designed. The sample consists of 24 sport managers and 10 architects who specialized in artificial turf football fields. The results of the interviews showed that a structure composed of an asphalt sub-base with integrated elastic layer, along with filling sand composed of round grain silica, SBR rubber and fiber monofilament is best suited to the requirements of elite football. In addition, the approval of the surface should be mandatory along with 100% recycling of materials.
Given a standard half-logistic cumulative distribution function (CDF) H, a\nnew class F of distributions can be generated by composing H with another\nfunction $\\eta (x)=-lnG(x)$, where $G(x)$ is an absolutely continuous CDF on\n$[0,\\infty )$, such that $R(x)\\equiv 1-F(x)=H[\\eta (x)]$ is a survival\nfunction on $[0,\\infty )$. This new class is so broad that G includes the Weibull, exponential, Rayleigh, Burr type XII, compound exponential (Lomax), compound Rayleigh, Gomprtz, compound Gomprtz, half-logistic, half-normal, Lindeley, exponentiated distributions and any distribution with positive domain. The CDF F of the new class shall be called half-logistic generated G-distribution (HLGGD). Some properties of F are presented. A real data set is analyzed using the generated class of distributions which shows that the half-logistic generated Burr type XII distribution can be used quite effectively in analyzing real lifetime data. Estimates (ML and Bayes) are obtained and computed.
Spectral characteristics of the turbulent kinetic energy of a homogeneous turbulence in a stably stratified medium are discussed. For the spectrum function representing transfer of energy through the hierarchy of eddies, Pao’s form is used. It is shown that a physical mechanism similar to “Gradient diffusion” assumption may be employed for modelling the production term and the heat-flux or buoyancy term. A simple analytical expression is obtained for the turbulent kinetic energy spectrum. The results are computed numerically and compared with that of a large eddy simulation of homogeneous turbulence by Chollet.
The study is to optimize the anti-wear characteristics of glass fiber epoxy resin composite material reinforced by nanoparticles by using Taguchi methods. By analysis of variance, it investigates the significant factors affecting the characteristics in this experiment. Three kinds of nanopowder, i.e. Al2O3, SiO2 and carbon black, one chemical agent, diluent, are the significant factors which affect the wear rate of the composite material. This study established a multiple regression model of the quality characteristics. The multivariate multiple regression equation can be used to prepare various additives of the nanocomposites. The epoxy resin samples were tested for mechanical properties. For wear rate, the optimum combination of parameters is the set, (2wt.% of Al2O3 , 2wt.% of SiO2 , 2wt.% of carbon black，3.75wt.% of diluent). As a result, the study finds the optimization of parameters of the glass fiber epoxy resin composite material by Taguchi methods. The experimental results confirm that the optimization of parameters greatly enhances the anti-wear characteristics for the glass fiber epoxy resin composite material.
The primary interests of the Republic of Lithuania are: viability of NATO and the EU, security, democracy and welfare of all states of the Euro-Atlantic community. The external risks, dangers and threats which must be given particular attention by the institutions ensuring national security are as follows: economic and energy dependence (energy, transport, finances and crediting); crime and shadow economy, international organised crime and other cross-border crimes – human trafficking, smuggling, illicit trade in drugs, arms, dual-use items, money laundering, illegal immigration, cyber-crime and other criminal acts. Functioning state border management system, coordinated with border security management system of the European Union, is an integral component of the national and European security system. The state border guard officers must be professional in order to do their tasks professionally. The article strives to disclose the higher statutory officer’s education at the Faculty of Public Security Mykolas Romeris University in Lithuania. The trends and developments in higher state border guard officer’s education in Lithuania have generally confirmed the principal challenges identified in the Bologna Declaration – standardizes and integrates the Lithuanian education in the European Higher Education Area. This paper is part of a larger study into university education for the state border guard officer’s managers and presents the preliminary findings of the study.\nKeywords: national security, border guards’ education.
The aim of the present study was to determine whether cell-free supernatant and water soluble polysaccharides (EPS) of L. rhamnosus PN04 could suppress the inhibition of human cancer cells as well as the antioxidant activity. A culture supernatant and water soluble polysaccharide of L. rhamnosus PN04 were studied the antioxidant activity by using DPPH radical scavenging assay for antioxidant activity tests and sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay for anticancer activity tests on two HeLa and Hep G2 tumor cells. The highest crude EPS amount was obtained at the stationary phase. Both the cell-free supernatant (101.5x106 cfu/ml) and crude EPS (10 mg/ml, at stationary phase) were the most active antioxidant with the percent inhibition of 95.19 ± 0.062 and 52.86 ± 0.133 when compared with ascorbic acid at 29.77 μg/ml and 13.15 μg/ml, respectively. Cell-free supernatant of L. rhamnosus PN04 was less toxic to HeLa cell lines than Hep G2 cell lines. However, the crude EPS fractions were more effective to Hep G2 than HeLa cell lines. Interestingly, toxicity of the crude EPS was significantly higher than of culture supernatant produced from L. rhamnosus PN04. These results indicated that the exopolysaccharide isolated from L. rhamnosus PN04 constitute the major fraction that inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells. This is the first reports on cytotoxicity of plant – originated L. rhamnosus PN04.
This study is concerned about the use of Imitation Strategy for learning Arabic language in Malaysia. The aims of this study is to investigate the use of Imitation Strategy among excellent students and the suitability of using the Imitation Strategy for learning Arabic language. The sample were 70 excellent students selected from the final year students from the Arabic language department, Faculty of Major Languages, Islamic Science University of Malaysia. To gather the information, a questionnaire consisting the Imitation Strategy Instrument introduced by Rosni Samah (2014b) was used. It has three strategies namely gathering, enhancing and applying. The overall questions are 73-item. The results showed that the excellent students usually use the Imitation Strategy in learning Arabic Language. The mentioned strategy is suitable for using in learning Arabic language. Its effectiveness has been witnessed by the excellent students. This study recommends the use of Imitation Strategy in learning Arabic language.
Differentiable Remannian Banach manifolds of infinite dimension evolved considerably over the last thirty years [1- 6]. In our work, we proved that the metric tensor of a locally plane Riemannian Banach manifold will be constant. We also found the necessary and sufficient conditions for a Riemannian Banach manifold to be locally plane.
We are configuring a standard infrastructure of a small or medium scale business requirements of an IT based company. This scenario comes up with all basic needs an Enterprise with minimum resource. By following the proposed guideline we can meet almost 80% requirement. In an enterprise requirement one of the first criteria is, building up a measure for centralized name resolution as the end users are prone to make fault in remembering system’s IP Address but they are capable of remembering the system or website name. If the distributed name resolution process is adopted, then we need to manage a lot of systems and maintain a huge amount of record which is error prone. Centralized Package Repository server provides us a centralized way to manage all software packages by which we can update, patch, install or remove any specific software with minimum administrative overhead centrally. The paper also aims to solve storage problem and also aims to provide proper security to legitimate users.
This article deals with the system of sanctions applied on juvenile offenders in light of the discussion of the Criminal Code draft of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The need to improve some measures of criminal and legal impact is emphasized as well as determination of their goals and objectives.
This paper presents a new approach for voice encryption based on Arnold\'s cat map and on Double Random Phase Encoding, to face the needs of modern systems with high levels of voice security. The objective of the using Arnold\'s cat map and Double Random Phase Encoding is to increase the level of voice security with high degree of confidentially.
The article is dedicated to Luka Zhidiata and Theodosius of the Caves Old Russian sermons. It is noted that despite the fact that the figure of Luka is symbolic and he was the first known author of the original writing, the attention to his work is obviously insufficient. In research it is shown that the wealth of meaning is concentrated in a small form of his Teaching. Luka Zhidiata’s and Theodosius of the Caves creativity is estimated as the bright and outstanding phenomenon in the religious life of Russia of the era of its Christianization. There are proofs that Luka Zhidiata’s and Theodosius of the Caves skill was shown not in rhetorical tricks and not in richness book sources, but in the ability to make the complex thing simple, obvious and clear for newly enlightened people. The all-adjusting states of the Christianity and the code of external piety’s rules are presented here in easily understood form. It met the tasks of establishing the Christianity.
Abstract\nIndium tin oxide (ITO) thin film were deposited on glass substrates by RF sputtering technique, followed by two treatment techniques which are Oil thermal annealing (OTA) and Argon Gas. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction were used to analysis the surface morphology and structure of ITO thin film. The structural, electrical and optical properties data for ITO films with thickness 150 nm obtained. After deposition, the samples have been annealed at 250 ºC by using oil and Argon gas. The optical properties after annealing by using a spectrophotometer show a high transparency between 81% and 95% in the visible spectrum. In addition, the sheet resistance of ITO film 9.65 k Ω / □ was significantly improved to 65 Ω / □ annealing time by using the OTA technique in comparison with 2.37 k Ω / □ under Argon gas at 10 minutes.
Unsteady two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics stagnation point flow of nanofluids with heat and mass transfer over a permeable surface is theoretically studied. Two types of nanoparticles, namely copper and gold nanoparticles, together with radiation effect are considered. Using similarity transformation, the governing partial differential equations are first reduced to ordinary differential equations. The transformed non-dimensional equations are then solved numerically using Keller-box method. The features of the flow with heat and mass transfer characteristics for different values of physical parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are analyzed and discussed. The behavior of physical quantities such as skin friction coefficient, the Nusselt and the Sherwood numbers are also investigated. To validate the present numerical results, comparison with published results is done and found to be in a good agreement.
The Llanquihue lake is included in the called Araucanian or Nord Patagonian lakes located between 38-41° S, these lakes are characterized due their oligo-mesotrophic status due human intervention, that generate effects on zooplankton assemblages, with marked increase of daphnids abundance. The aim of the present study is analyze the trophic status and zooplankton relative abundance in differents bay of Llanquihue lake. It was found direct associations between chlorophyll a with daphnids percentage total dissolved nitrogen with phosphorus soluble reactive molar radio nitrogen phosphorus with cyclopoids percentage, and inverse relation between daphnids and calanoids percentages. It was found three groups a first with high calanoids percentage and low chlorophyll and nutrients concentration, a second with moderate chlorophyll and nutrients concentration and moderate daphnids percentage, and a third site with high chlorophyll and nutrients concentration and high daphnids abundance. The exposed results agree with observations about daphnids increase under mesotrophic status observed for New Zealand and Argentinean lakes.
