The uncertainty in scalability for large number of nodes is studied interms of clustering. In such case the large number of nodes states the possible outcomes of unit disk graph (UDG) methods. The methods of UDG are categorized into connected dominated set (CDS), weakly connected dominated set (WCDS) and minimum connected dominated set (MCDS). The investigation on minimizing WCDS is determined from segregating CDS and WCDS that reduces scalability of nodes. To represent the casual knowledge of the nodes scalability in CDS and WCDS, the fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM) is introduced. A mere relationship that is found between UDG (CDS/WCDS) nodes and FCM concepts is the directed graph model of them. The communication range on functions of CDS and communication effort of FCM present the communication pattern for nodes scalability. The simplified communication pattern established for nodes through prime spiral service (PSS) reduces time consumption and also solves the problem of scalability. The linear time, exponential and polynomial time acts as a part of CDS and WCDS. Computing minimum WCDS in an arbitrary graph is NP hard to NP complete. With CDS, NP hard problems cannot be solved in polynomial time. For these problems exact algorithm is designed with smallest possible exponential running times. FCM casualties and rules are proposed in survey to reduce time consumption and alleviate scalability problem on reducing nodes. PSS model suggested for FCM to improve communication efficiency, improve information security and reduce time consumption. The performance comparision of FCM and PSS results are illustrated.
Research group of this study consists of total 10 boxers who are actively involved in Turkish big male national boxing team and with average age of 22.40 age/years. Blood samples were taken twice from boxers constituting the research group before and after the match after the camp program of eight weeks applied for research group. Data and laboratory results are utilized as covariant. Relative changes in the data obtained are analyzed by SAS package program and by utilizing PROC MEANS procedure. Significance level of changes observed is specified by Paired t test that adds significance at the level of P<0.05.\n Increase in the measurement of MDA levels as one of the oxidative stress serum parameters of boxers before and after the match is statistically found meaningful (P=<,0001). Also it is determined that 8-ISO values before and after the match have increased and this increase is statistically found significant (P=0,0282). Decrease in the 4-HNE values is also found statistically meaningful (P=0,0009). However, decrease in 8-OHdG values before and after the match is found statistically insignificant (P=0,1227). Changes in C Vit values before and after the match is found statistically insignificant (P=0,5443). \n According to the results of the research, it is determined that there are important changes in all of the blood values of national boxing team sporters before and after the match, however the changes in malondialdehyde, 8-Isoprostane, 4-hydroxynonenal parameters are found statistically significant. Accordingly it may be said that significant alterations are observed in the oxidative stress parameters of malondialdehyde, 8-Isoprostane and 4-hydroxynonenal. \nKeywords: Boxer, Exercise, Oxidative Stress, Match, Blood.
Online anime has been a major influence toward the growth of children in\nMalaysia. Therefore, this study investigates online anime that influence children\nin their everyday lives. The study also discusses the influence of online anime that\ncontributed to the positive interaction in the discussion between children. The\nstudy involves 10 nine-year-old subjects from a class at a school in Putrajaya,\nMalaysia. The children were selected based on their experience in watching online\nanime and they were all interviewed. They were divided in groups of 3 to 4. They\ndiscussed the characters, setting, and storylines from online anime that they had\nwatched and the conversation were taped and analyzed. The selected extracts were\nanalyzed and discussed by using the discourse analysis method. It is found that\nsubjects were strongly influenced by characters, setting, and storylines from\nonline anime. They were happy and content to be like the characters in the story.\nIt is hoped that online anime will be able to bring forth positive influence toward\nchildren in their everyday lives.
This study investigates the communication pattern among civil and geomatic\nengineering students’ during survey camp conducted at Lumut, Perak, Malaysia.\nThis study also discusses the content of students’ communication among peers\nand groups. The samples consist of 80 civil and geomatic engineering students\nfrom Kuala Lumpur Infrastructure University College. The samples were divided\nin groups and each group were given a task in remapping the area. The tasks\ninvolved engineering surveying techniques via levelling, traversing and detailing\nby tacheometry. The tasks were carried out in 10 days from 8am till 6pm. The\ninteractions were taped and analysed accordingly. Selected extracts from the\ninteractions were analysed and discussed by using the discourse analysis method.\nThe findings showed that although there were difficulties in communication when\nhandling the task given but towards the end the subjects’ were able to fulfill the\ntasks. Students were able to communicate diligently among peers or groups. It is\nhoped that during survey camp, communication among peers and group would be\nthe major priority in order to succeed in the tasks given.
This study focuses on blog writing of university students at a University in Korea.\nThe objectives of the study were to identify and discuss the character and\ncharacterization of the main characters in the Malay drama ‘Mariam Kampung Putat’.\nThe students consisted of nine subjects from a Multimedia Malay language subjects\nat Hankuk University of Foreign Studies. The subjects were bachelor students in\nMalay-Indonesian Interpretation and Translation course. They had experience in\ndifferent types of multimedia from the previous semester. The Malay drama was\nchosen in order for the subjects to write their views and comments pertaining to the\nMalay drama including the characters and storyline from the drama. The subjects\nviewed the drama in the classroom. The length of the drama was 40 minutes. The\nsubjects were to write comments, opinions or views in the personal blog. The results\nrevealed that the subjects were able to write their views and comments based on the\ndrama. It is hoped that future study will focus on other Malay drama to enhance\nlearning.
This research was carried out to determine the views of the players of the Turkish Handball Super League clubs with some of the demographic variables regarding the risks they perceived. \n In the study was used the \"general screening model\" which is one of the descriptive screening methods. The study population was consisted of 435 athletes who were actively engaged in the Turkish Handball Super League teams, and its sample was consisted of randomly and casually selected 376 sporters who were playing in different clubs. The Gök’s questionnaire (2006) of a risk assessment in the sport was used in the study as a data collecting means. The reliability and validity study of the questionnaire used in this research was carried out and the Cronbach\'s alpha value of the questionnaire used, was found to be 0.71. Arithmetic mean ( ), Kruskal-Wallis and LSD, Mann-Whitney U, F tests were used in the data analysis, and the data were analyzed using a statistical software package. The significance level was accepted as 05 in order to determine whether there is a difference among the demographic variables in the conducted survey. \n The difference among the levels of risk of the athletes participating in the study according to the variables of gender, the year of playing handball and the team played in, was statistically found significant (p> 0.05). In any case, the difference between them in accordance with the variables of age, marital status and education level was not found significant (p>0,05).\n As the result of research it was found that the female players compared to male players, the players with high school level education compared to the players with university and post-graduate education, the players who are between the ages of 16-17 compared to the players of 18-21, 22-25, 26-29, and over 30 years of age, the players who have been playing handball for 1 to 5 years compared to the players who have been playing handball for 6-10, 11-15, 16-20, 21 years and above, perceived the risks in a higher level. And it was concluded that the variable of marital status was not a factor in determining the risk from the point of the players
A subgroup K of G is pronormally embedded in G if K is a Sylow p-subgroup\nof a pronormal subgroup H of G. In this note some results are given under the\nassumption that certain subgroup of G is pronormally embedded. Some earlier\nresults are improved and extended.
