A new design of decentralized load-frequency controller for interconnected thermal reheat power system with AC-DC parallel tie-lines using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is proposed in this paper. A HVDC link is connected in parallel with an existing AC tie-line to stabilize the frequency oscillations of the AC tie-line system. Any optimum controller selected for load frequency control of interconnected power system should not only stabilize the power system but also reduce the system frequency and tie line power oscillations and settling time of the output responses. In practice Load Frequency Control (LFC) system uses simple Proportional Integral (PI) or Integral (I) controller parameters are usually tuned based on classical or trial-and-error approaches, they are incapable of obtaining good dynamic performance for various load change scenarios in multi-area power system. For this reason, in this paper the PI control parameters are tuned based on PSO algorithm method for the LFC control in the two-area interconnected thermal reheat power system. A two area interconnected thermal reheat power system is considered to demonstrate the validity of the proposed controller. The simulation results show that the proposed controller provides better dynamic responses with minimal frequency and tie-line power deviations, quick settling time and guarantees closed-loop stability margin.
Due to the cheap and appropriate in most of the recently wireless environment applications, the researchers are shining a light on the wireless sensor networks which are widely used in pervasive and ubiquitous applications. Untrustworthy conduction of wireless communications makes the packets to be collapsed. Therefore, the security issues are vital importance. The key factor of such a security system relay on the key management and how the keys are securely distributed among the nodes. The drawbacks of homogeneous sensor networks are paving the way toward the heterogeneous sensor network (HSN) to produce higher performance. In this paper, a novel sheltered key predistribution scheme for HSN based on the elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) are produced to provide the safe links between the nodes in the network and forming the clusters. Elliptic curve EC is used for generating the seed keys of the pool while, doubling and addition operations for EC points are used for generating the ring of the private keys. The simulation upshots report that the proposed scheme provides acceptable performance, connectivity, storage requirement, and resilience in the comparing with other schemes.
The latest Japanese project management (JPM) method, namely, Kaikaku (reform) project management (KPM) has been applied to many Japanese organizations. The Japanese automotive industry is still achieving remarkable results overseas and it is interesting to find out if its subsidiaries are managing their projects based on the JPM approach or whether they are practising their own local management methods. This study aims to investigate the use of KPM in Japanese automotive organizations in Malaysia. The objectives are to (a) determine the extent of the use of KPM in Japanese organizations in Malaysia, and (b) identify the level for localization in Japanese subsidiaries abroad. Semi-strucutured interviews were carried out with two major automobile manufacturers in Malaysia. The findings showed that the KPM method can be successfully executed in managing production and manufacturing systems within organizations. Also, it was established that Japanese companies in Malaysia practise localization of human resources management, but maintain their technology and R&D management know-how by using Japanese methods. It can be concluded that KPM drives organizations abroad to achieve continuous growth, while maintaining their excellence in order to succeed in business, even when the economy is suffering a downturn.
Introduction: \nVesicoureteric reflux (VUR) is a well-recognized entity in the pediatric population, but is not well described or understood in the adult population [1] Despite numerous articles in the literature concerning vesicoureteral reflux in children, it was not until recently that the importance of vesicoureteral reflux in adults was emphasized[2, 3].\n The incidence of VUR declines with advancing age and is 49% under 1 year,26% under 12 years and only 4.4% in the adult population [4-6]. Despite this relatively low incidence, it still accounts for at least 10% of adult patients developing end-stage renal disease[7] With early detection and careful management, the secondary complications of VUR such as renal failure can be prevented[8]\nWe report about “a nonclassic” case of Vesicoureteric reflux in adult .that we observed after the patient wandered for a long time across several other urologic and paediatric services. This is evidence about how such a clinical picture has not an easy diagnosis and is often ignored .\n\nObjective: The objective of this study was a 52-year-old female According to the hospital in 1390 is 5 Azar hospital.\n\nMethods:\nData from the case study and record the required information and history of the patient was collected.
Numerous studies are being conducted in recent years focusing on phonocardiographic signals due to its capability to characterize heart sounds. These characteristics can be exploited in developing intelligent systems such as computer-aided auscultation system. This study is aimed to investigate the feasibility of using entropy to generate discriminative features from the PCG signals to distinguish normal and pathological heart sounds. Four types of pathological heart sounds were considered including aortic stenosis, mitral regurgitation, aortic regurgitation and mitral stenosis. Three hundred and fifty phonocardiographic recordings were obtained comprising 50 normal sounds and 300 sounds from the above mentioned murmurs. Wavelet packet transform was employed for heart sound analysis as opposed to discrete wavelet transform that has been widely used in previous studies. Then, Shannon entropy was calculated for deriving feature vectors. K-nearest neighbor classification was performed to evaluate the discriminatory power of proposed features. Sensitivity and specificity were measured as the statistical criteria of the classification results. The results of the classification using proposed features attain 98.02% sensitivity and 95.65% specificity in the presence of noise. The promising results substantiate the effectiveness of entropy of wavelet packet coefficients for heart sound classification.
Supply chain management (SCM) is of considerable attention among the scholars and researchers. Pursuing cost reduction strategies in SCM is of utmost significance, since increasing the price is highly unlikely in the present competitive world. In this research, the authors are to find a mathematical model to demonstrate the relations among various elements of supply chain of Iran’s auto industry by applying operational research techniques. Minimizing total cost of transportation, backordering, inventory holding and idol production capacity cost is the main objective of doing this research. The model will be presented in the figure of a multi-objective decision making (MODM) mathematical model and will minimize the aforementioned costs simultaneously. In order to check the validity of the presented model, data from Saipa Industrial Group is used and Lingo Software is applied to solve the model. The results reveal that application of the presented model will minimize the above costs dramatically and will help managers to achieve their cost reduction strategies. Some suggestions are made at the end for further researches in this field.
A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a network without any the services from the network but serves the network as a relaying router. Because of nodes mobility, these kinds of networks are highly dynamic. Therefore, link failure is so frequent. This paper provides a novel Mobility Prediction algorithm for improving Routing Protocols (MPRP). Routing protocols by using of the mobility prediction algorithm, gain better performance. MPRP tries to maintain routes resulted from a route discovery phase by capturing the nodes which have became useless due to mobility and replacing them with newly founded nodes. Simulation results show that MPRP can reduce average number of hop counts, average number of broken links and provide longer network lifetime.
ABSTRACT\nWeb applications are the most dominant medium of communication for social and commercial\ndomains. Mostly, theses applications are poorly structured and are not properly documented\nbecause basic principles of software engineering are not practiced during their development.\nHence maintainability and re usability becomes hard and difficult to manage. The problem grows\nexponentially with the complexity of web applications having no design documents. To address\nthese problems, a reverse engineering model is proposed to support effective web applications\nmaintenance and re usability.\nKeywords: Web applications, reverse engineering, re usability, software development life cycle
Commercialization of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has been recommended through sensor web portals. These portals emulate sensor network access similar to web server access through web page. The proposal is deficient in mechanisms for sensor web portal discovery, subscription and usage. As a result, although WSNs are deployed to provide useful sensing services, these services are not known to public let alone available to them. In this paper, we propose WiSP, a novel architecture that exploits the untapped role of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in hosting, advertising and securing sensor web portals. This unconventional coupling between web page and ISP offers benefits such as one window operation, security enforcement through nab before they stab, query content and locality and sensor data caching. We analyze various business models for different types of query and data traffic. We develop mathematical models for advertising costs, query-traffic from users and data-traffic that traverse through proposed network architecture. Our analysis verifies that considerable saving in query processing time is achieved for large number of users and data types.
In general, lot of issue arises in hardware based on FPGA implementation. Today Elliptic curve cryptography had become trendier and many researchers concentrate on Elliptic Curve based on Power Analysis attacks, which exploits leakage information from the hardware devices. This paper concentrates on elliptic curve scalar addition algorithm, which proposes certain rules and countermeasures for improving the performance and resistance against power analysis attack. The algorithms and their parameters were modified and assigned by the File Register Architecture, which is used to allot the registers in proper manner. The designing section uses Booth Multiplier and Carry Save Adder for increasing the efficiency and complexity of the algorithm. The implementation part uses Xilinx tool which belongs to Spartan III family in FPGA platform. The results were compared with the existing Elliptic Curve-Scalar Addition algorithms, which was described by Yong Ki Lee and Lopez Dahab.
The effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy depends on the efficacy and adherence to medications at >95% significant level.\nThis study was carried out to determine the level of medication adherence among HIV/AIDS patients at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH). Three hundred patients who were living with HIV/ AIDS and who had been receiving treatment with on-going adherence counselling for 6 months were used for the study using pretested structured questionnaires. Ethical approval for the study was granted by UITH ethical committee. \nOne hundred and one (37.3%) participants were aged 40-49 years; 50.7% were males while 49.3% were females. One hundred and sixteen (38.7%) had secondary education, 45.0% were civil servants and 43.0% were from Kwara state. One hundred and fifty nine (53.0%) were Christians and 97.3% understood terminologies that enhance adherence. Two hundred and forty five (81.0%) were on Zidovudine + Lamivudine + Nevirapine, 98.7% were on twice daily dosage regimen, 97.3% took their medication always and 97.3% never missed their medication in the last one month. Ninety four (31.3%) had skin rashes as side effect. ART did not affect the daily functions of 98.0% while social and financial factors did not affect medication adherence of 95.6%. Two hundred and one (67.0%) were on antibiotics in addition to ART. The mean self reported adherence was 96.3% +2.9%. \nMedication side effects and other variables except gender had no significant effect on adherence. Regular medication adherence monitoring and intervention are recommended to maintain the required adherence of >95% level of significance.
Abstract. In this paper we study the concept of t-best coapproxima-\ntion in fuzzy anti-2-normed spaces. We introduce the notions of t-best\ncoapproximation, t-coproximinal sets, t-coChebyshev sets and prove\nsome interesting theorems to characterization of t-best coapproximation\nelements.
